Allies and Colonies
- The Romans created a network of colonies along the Italian peninsula in order to create more control
- When an army was defeated there was always more soldier to replace them
- Roman colonists almost had the rights equivalent to Roman citizens
- The people that weren't actually considered Roman citizens, like the people in Italy, wanted to be in on citizenship
- Rome became an expanding, absorptive political entit
The Punic Wars
- Rome created a rivalry with Carthage
- Carthage is o the North Coast of Africa
- Carthage had an interest in Sicily, creating tension between Rome and them
- The Punic Wars- were located on land and/or sea. It was divided into 3 viscous parts
- First Stage: Rome forced Carthage out of Cicily since they tried to take control of it
- Second Stage: Hannibal, a Carthiginian general, invaded Italy. They defeated many Roman armies and almost totally defeated Rome, but thanks to the loyal allies in Italy and other Roman forces, Hannibal was defeated, getting overpowered by more man power
- At the end of the 2nd Punic War Carthage was weak and defenseless
- Third Stage: Out of fear of fear of the revival of Carthage, Rome took the upper hand while they could and they sold the citizens of Carthage into slavery.
- Rome had complete control of the Mediterranean
The first Roman provinces- the former possessions of Carthage in Sicily, Spain, and Africa
They were ruled as conquered lands by proconsuls
Proconsuls- governors- from the Latin words for "stand-in for a consul"
The provinces did not get to share in the benefits of Roman order until Augustus after 27 B.C.
In the previous 250 years the Romans had unified most of Italy
Rome started looking into the eastern Mediterranean to expand even more
Interests were in Greece
Greece city-states asked Rome for help in resisting the king of Macedonia
Rome sent an army
the army was only supposed to secure the liberties, but they got involved with the political affairs in admiration of the Hellenistic culture
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